Larval Amphibians - Salamanders
Four-toed Salamander

- Larvae length 17-25mm
- Head is heavily pigmented with brown or black spots; broken band on side of head through eye often to gills
- Greenish-brown; transparent greenish tail fin with lighter dots
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Dorsal tail fin extends onto back almost to neck; ventral tail fin surrounds vent
- Posterior gill largest; costal grooves present
- Digits: 4 front and 4 hind (only other salamander with this number is Mudpuppy-all others have 4 front, 5 hind)
- Eggs: 15-60 laid in terrestrial depressions or cavities within a clump of moss or leaves along the edge of open pools; female broods the eggs and developing embryos; bacteria on skin produce antibiotics that protect eggs and developing embryos from fungus
- Habitat: found in sphagnum bogs or woodland ponds
